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A Case For and an Update to Research and Testing on the Issue of Hydrocarbon Wet Gas Sampling

David J. Fish

Introduction In the last 25 years, the natural gas pipeline industry has transitioned from the supplier of clean, dry gas to the mover of billable gas energy; clean and dry or dirty and wet.  The amount of hydrocarbon product that is transported between producer, processor,…

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Fundamentals of NGL Sampling Systems

Dominic Giametta

The purpose of this paper is to discuss in depth systems we use as a standard to sample natural gas liquids, or NGL’s. Before we discuss the systems and methods used to sample these products, we must first clearly define what NGL’s are. NGL’s can…

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Custody Transfer Crude Oil Sampling Systems

Dominic Giametta

In the oil and gas industry, there are generally two ways that we take measurements of product. The first is by volume. As fluid flows through a pipeline or sits in a tank, the industry has developed many ways by which we can capture that…

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With Time Comes Wisdom

David J. Fish

David J. Fish, Senior Vice President, Welker, Inc., USA, provides an overview of LNG sampling systems and their streamlined evolution over recent years. LNG is natural gas that has been cooled to a liquid state (liquefied) at approximately -260˚F, for shipping and storage. The volume…

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Techniques of Gas Spot Samples

David J. Fish

Purpose The need to be able to take a representative sample of a hydrocarbon product is necessary to ensure proper accounting for transactions and efficient product processing. Sampling can be accomplished by primarily three techniques: spot, continuous composite or continuous on-line sampling systems. The various…

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D.O.T. Requirements for the Transportation of Sample Cylinders

David J. Fish

The United States Department of Transportation (D.O.T.) is a department of the U.S. Federal Government which oversees all issues regarding transportation within the United States of America and U.S. Territories.  Its influence around the world is great and widely respected, but its jurisdiction and power…

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